In-depth technical explanations of display technologies, calibration principles, pixel defects, and testing methodology.
Step-by-step diagnostic guides for common display issues including dead pixels, backlight bleed, and color drift.
Open Troubleshooting GuideRun browser-based visual test patterns to evaluate your monitor's pixels, color, motion, and uniformity.
Browse All TestsCheck which Web APIs your browser supports for display testing and hardware feature detection.
Check CompatibilityCore physical and optical fundamentals: resolution, refresh rates, HDR pipelines, color depth, black levels, and panel uniformity.
Display resolution represents the physical grid of horizontal and vertical pixels on your screen, while OS scaling scales desktop UI elements to maintain readability at high pixel densities (PPI).
Refresh rate (measured in Hertz, Hz) is how many times per second your monitor draws a new image, while frame rate (FPS) is the speed at which your graphics card generates frames.
High Dynamic Range (HDR) displays present a significantly wider range of luminance (from inky blacks to bright specular highlights) and richer wide-gamut colors (DCI-P3 / Rec. 2020) than standard SDR displays.
Color depth specifies the number of binary bits used to represent the color of each individual subpixel, directly dictating how many distinct color shades a display can produce.
Black level represents the darkest luminance value a display can produce when commanded to display pure black (RGB 0, 0, 0), determining the display's perceived contrast and visual depth.
Display uniformity measures how evenly brightness (luminance) and color temperature (chromaticity) are maintained across the entire physical surface of a display panel.
Diagnosing visual flaws: dead vs. stuck pixels, backlight bleed, IPS glow, ghosting, screen tearing, text fringing, and burn-in.
A dead pixel is a permanently unpowered pixel that appears as a persistent black dot on light backgrounds, while a stuck pixel has one or more subpixels locked open, glowing brightly as a red, green, or blue dot on dark backgrounds.
Backlight bleed is physical light leaking around the monitor bezel that remains in the exact same spot regardless of where you sit, while IPS glow is an inherent optical characteristic of IPS panels that changes intensity and shifts position as you move your head.
Monitor ghosting is a visual trailing artifact caused by slow liquid crystals struggling to transition to new colors quickly enough, while inverse ghosting (overshoot) is caused by excessive voltage that pushes crystals past their target shade.
Screen tearing is a visual distortion where a display shows information from multiple frames in a single screen refresh, appearing as a horizontal seam or 'tear' across the image.
Text clarity describes the sharpness and legibility of typography on screen, which depends heavily on pixel density (PPI), operating system font antialiasing, and the physical arrangement of subpixels inside each pixel.
Image retention is a temporary ghost image caused by electrical charge stagnation in liquid crystals or OLED driver circuits that fades away, whereas burn-in is permanent differential degradation of organic subpixels caused by displaying static elements for thousands of hours.
Configuration guidance: TV overscan, 1:1 pixel mapping, non-native scaling artifacts, and aspect ratio calibration.
Overscan is a legacy television processing behavior that crops 2% to 5% off the outer edges of an incoming video signal and scales the remaining picture up, cutting off taskbars and blurring desktop pixels.
Aspect ratio is the proportional relationship between a display's width and height (such as 16:9, 16:10, or 21:9), while non-native scaling occurs when an incoming image resolution does not match the physical pixel grid of the panel.
Input peripherals and sensors: multi-touch digitizers, webcam streaming pipelines, stereo audio balance, and motion sensors.
Multi-touch describes a digitizer's ability to recognize and track multiple simultaneous finger contact points on a touchscreen surface, enabling gestures like pinching, zooming, and rotating.
Webcam testing evaluates camera hardware availability, negotiated video resolution, aspect ratio, frame rate stability, and color balance through secure browser WebRTC media streams.
Stereo audio testing verifies that the left and right audio channels are wired correctly, operate with clean separation, and reproduce balanced sound without phase cancellation or channel crosstalk.
Accelerometers measure linear acceleration and gravitational forces along three axes (X, Y, Z), while gyroscopes measure the rate of angular rotation around those axes (Alpha, Beta, Gamma).
Technical honesty: what web browsers can measure, hardware API limitations, permission sandboxes, and client-side privacy.
Web browsers can render mathematically exact color coordinates, generate synchronized animation frames, and query operating system window manager metrics, but they cannot physically measure emitted light, color accuracy, or hardware response times.
Browser compatibility refers to how consistently different web browser engines (Blink in Chrome/Edge, Gecko in Firefox, WebKit in Safari) implement modern Web APIs for graphics, media, touch, and hardware sensors.
